Rechargeable batteries are ubiquitous and power our lives in myriad ways, but to “electrify everything” we will need dramatically more of them, and that in turn means we will need cheaper and more environmentally friendly ways of manufacturing them.

Motors drive a lot more than cars. They are a ubiquitous and established technology that currently consume roughly ¼ of all energy produced on Earth. So you might think the motors surrounding us would be maximally efficient, right? Not so fast.